ACCA, MBA, Tax Agent ជាអ្នកនិពន្ធហើយអាចប្រលងជាប់៖ ACCA រហូត ៤ មុខវិជ្ជាក្នុងពេលតែម្តង, Tax Agent ពិន្ទុខ្ពស់, MBA & BBA ជាប់ជាសិស្សពូកែ និងមានបទពិសោធការងារជាង ១៥ ឆ្នាំ ព្រមទាំងអ្នកនិពន្ធផ្សេងៗ ?ទិញឯកសារហើយ អានមិនយល់អាចសួរបាន
Going Private: Movement from public ownership to private ownership of a COMPANY’s shares either by the company’s repurchase of shares or through purchases by an outside private investor.
General Partnership: PARTNERSHIP with no limited partners.
Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) : Group that has authority to establish standards of financial reporting for all units of state and local government.
Future Contract: Transferable agreement to deliver or receive during a specific future month a standardized amount of a commodity.
Funding: Refinancing a DEBT on or before its MATURITY; also called REFUNDING and, in certain instances, pre-refunding.
Franchise Tax: State tax which is imposed on a state-chartered CORPORATION for the right to do business under its corporate name.
Form W-4: A form that specifies the number of EXEMPTIONS claimed by each employee and that gives the employer the authority to withhold money for an employee’s FEDERAL INCOME TAXES and Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) taxes.
Form 8-K: SEC filing which is a filing that must be made on the occurrence of an event that is deemed to be of significant importance to SECURITY holders.
Form 10-Q: SEC filing which is the quarterly report due 45 days after each of the first three quarter.ends of each fiscal year.
Form 10-K: SEC filing which is the ANNUAL REPORT due 90 days after the registrant’s BALANCE SHEET date.
Foreign Exchange: Instruments employed in making payments between countries.
Foreign Currency Translation: Restating foreign currency in equivalent dollars; unrealized gains or losses are postponed and carried in Stockholder’s Equity until the foreign operation is substantially liquidated.
Foreign Corporation: A corporation which is not organized under the laws of ones territories or states. Taxing of foreign corporations depends on whether the corporation has Nexus or effectively connected income in that state.
Forecasting of Cash Flow: Projecting the cash receipts and the cash payments for a future period.
Forecasted Income Statement: An INCOME STATEMENT that projects the NET INCOME of a business for a future period.
Forecasted Balance Sheet: A balance sheet that projects the financial position of a business for a future period.
Forecast: Prospective FINANCIAL STATEMENTS that are an entity’s expected financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
FOB Shipping Point: A shipping term that means that the buyer bears transportation costs from the point of origin.
FOB Destination: A shipping term that means that the seller bears transportation costs to the place of delivery.
Free On Board (FOB) : Indicates the point at which title to goods passes.
Flotation Cost: Cost of issuing new stocks or BONDS
Floor: Term used when discussing INVENTORIES. Inventory cannot be valued lower than the “floor” which is the netrealizable value of the inventory less an allowance for a normal profit margin.
Fixed Costs: Costs that remain constant within a defined range of activity, volume, or time period.
Fixed Assets: Tangible LONG TERM ASSETS used in the continuing operation of a business that are unlikely to change for a long time.
First In, First Out (FIFO): ACCOUNTING method of valuing INVENTORY under which the costs of the first goods acquired are the first costs charged to expense. Commonly known as FIFO.
Firm : A business partnership, especially when it is unincorporated.
Financial Statements: Presentation of financial data including BALANCE SHEETS, INCOME STATEMENTS and STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW, or any supporting statement that is intended to communicate an entity’s financial position at a point in time and its results of operations for a period then ended.
Financial Leverage: The ability to increase earnings for stockholders by earning more on ASSETS than is paid in INTEREST on DEBTincurred to finance the assets.
Financial Institution: Organization engaged in any of the many aspects of finance including commercial banks, thrift institutions, investment banks, securities brokers and dealers, credit unions, investment companies, insurance companies, and REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS.
Filing of Returns: Taxpayers meeting statutory requirements MUST file various returns on the prescribed forms. And they must be filed timely or the y may not be considered as filed.
Fiduciary: Person who is responsible for the administration of property owned by others. Corporate management is a FIDUCIARY with respect to corporate ASSETS which are beneficially owned by the stockholders and CREDITORS. Similarly, a TRUSTEE is the fiduciary of a TRUST and partners owe fiduciary responsibility to each other and to their creditors.
Federal Reserve System: System established by the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 to regulate the U.S. monetary and banking system.
Federal Reserve Bank: One of the 12 banks that, with their branches, make up the FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM.
Federal Income Taxes: Taxes on NET INCOME that must be paid to the federal government by individuals and businesses.
Favorable Variance: Excess of actual REVENUE over projected revenue, or actual costs over projected costs.
Fair Credit Reporting Act: Federal law enacted in 1971 giving persons the right to see their credit records at credit reporting bureaus.
Factory Overhead Costs : Various production-related costs that cannot be practically or conveniently traced to an end product.
Factoring: Over-Advances: Circumstance where a business receives more money from a factor than the value of the RECEIVABLES, which is a loan against inventory in anticipation of future sales.
Factoring : Selling a RECEIVABLE at a discounted value to a third party for cash.
Extraordinary Items: Events and transactions distinguished by their unusual nature and by the infrequency of their occurrence.Extraordinary items are reported separately, less applicable income taxes, in the entity’s statement of income or operations.
Extinguishment of Debt: To get rid of the liability by payment; to bring to an end.
External Reporting: Reporting to stockholders and the public, as opposed to internal reporting for management’s benefit.
Extent of Tests of Control: Each year the AUDITOR must obtain sufficient evidence about whether the company’s internal control over financial reporting, including the controls for all internal control components, is operating effectively.
Extension: Time granted by a taxing authority, such as the INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE (IRS), a state or city, which allows the taxpayer to file tax returns later than the original due date.
Exploration Expenditures: An AUDITOR that has a reasonable understanding of audit activities and has studied the company’s industry as well as the accounting and auditing issues relevant to the industry.
Experienced Auditor: An AUDITOR that has a reasonable understanding of audit activities and has studied the company’s industry as well as the accounting and auditing issues relevant to the industry.
Expense Ratio: Amount, expressed as a percentage of total investment, that shareholders pay for MUTUAL FUND operating expenses and management fees.
Expectation Gap: The difference in perception between the public and the CPA as a result of accounting and audit service.
Expatriation Tax: Individuals that loose or terminate their residency within the 10 year period immediately preceding the close of a tax year, if the termination or loss is for the sole purpose of avoiding tax.
Exempt Organization: Organization which is generally exempt from paying federal income tax. Exempt organizations include religious organizations, charitable organizations, social clubs, and others.
Exclusions: Income item which is excluded from a taxpayer’s gross income by the INTERNAL REVENUE CODE or an administrative action. Common exclusions include gifts, inheritances, and death proceeds paid under a life insurance contract. Also known as excluded income.